Чем пенополистирол отличается от экструдированного пенополистирола: Отличия экструдированного пенополистирола от обычного — СамСтрой

Чем отличается пенопласт от экструдированного пенополистирола

Пенополистирольные и пенопластовые листы, используемые для утепления зданий, относятся к числу самых популярных и доступных по цене материалов. Но у них разные свойства и области применения. Поэтому до начала строительно-отделочных работ обязательно следует определиться, чем отличается пенопласт от экструдированного пенополистирола.

Особенности пенопласта

Для современного материала характерно большое количество преимуществ, среди которых можно отметить:

• жёсткую вспененную структуру;
• уникальность теплоизолирующих способностей;
• высокие влагозащитные и звукоизоляционные свойства.

Материал имеет низкие показатели гигроскопичности и устойчив к разным неблагоприятным внешним воздействиям. Перечисленные характеристики обеспечивают высокую прочность и долговечность пенопласта.

Характеристики экструдированного пенополистирола

Особенностями синтетического теплоизоляционного материала являются:

• высокий коэффициент теплопроводности;
• нулевая паропроницаемость;
• хорошая прочность и влагостойкость.

Последнее свойство объясняется методом экструзии и довольно крепкой связью между молекулами.

Полистирольные плиты способны терять прочность под постоянным и длительным воздействием ультрафиолета, поэтому требуют защиты.

Что и в каком случае лучше выбрать

Область применения пенопласта в строительной сфере представлена в основном утеплением конструктивных элементов и фасадов. Это обусловлено его высокими теплоизоляционными свойствами и способностью к адгезии.

Разница между пенопластом и экструдированным пенополистиролом не слишком выражена, но определяет сферу применения этих материалов при строительстве и отделке.

Пенополистирольными листами лучше всего выполнять утепление подвальных помещений, цоколей и фундаментных оснований зданий. Лоджию и балкон также можно обустроить этим видом материала.

Применение пенополистирольной отделки непосредственно внутри жилых помещений является, по мнению специалистов, нежелательным.

Пенопласт является, универсальным, менее дорогим, горючим материалом, который чаще всего применяется в качестве шумового изолятора в относительно сухих помещениях. В любых других случаях целесообразно использовать современные пенополистирольные листы.

90000 What is a Polystyrene Foam? (With pictures) 90001 90002 Polystyrene foam is a type of plastic produced from styrene. It is a lightweight, moisture-resistant material with exceptional insulation properties. Since it is composed of more than 90 percent air, this foam is also remarkably buoyant. It is this characteristic that prompted the U.S. Coast Guard and the U.S. Navy to use this foam to make life rafts and preservers since World War II.Consumers are quite familiar with this material too, although it is commonly mistaken for something else entirely. 90003 90004 Polystyrene foam may be used to make insulation wrap for homes. 90002 Styrofoam ™ is the trademarked name for extruded polystyrene foam, an invention of the Dow Chemical Company that has been in production for more than 50 years.Nearly anyone who has purchased coffee «to go» has heard the container being referred to as a Styrofoam ™ cup. However, this material has never been used to make disposable coffee cups. For that matter, it’s never been used to make portable picnic coolers either, another misconception. These products are actually made from expanded polystyrene foam (EPS) in the form of beads, commonly known as packaging «peanuts.» 90003 90007 Polystyrene foam may be used as an insulation layer under pavement to prevent the formation of road cracks.90002 Unlike disposable cups and picnic coolers, which are notably white in color, products made from polystyrene foam are typically blue. It is used to make insulation wrap for residential homes, commercial buildings, and plumbing systems.It is also used in road construction as an insulation layer under pavement to deter the formation of cracks and potholes that occur from seasonal freezing and thawing of the soil beneath. 90003 90002 Want to automatically save time and money month? Take a 2-minute quiz to find out how you can start saving up to $ 257 / month. 90003 90012 Polystyrene foam is used to make the hulls of some boats and life rafts.90002 Polystyrene foam is also made into materials used in craft projects. In fact, florists are familiar with the distinctive crackling sound made when cutting Styrofoam ™ or inserting floral stems into it. It is also used to fashion architectural models and as backing for framed photographs and prints.While other forms of this foam are blue in color, the foam made for craft purposes is either green or white. 90003 90002 In terms of environmental impact and hazards to human health, polystyrene foam manufacturing is regarded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as the fifth major producer of hazardous waste. Aside from posing an occupational health risk due to exposure to styrene during processing, there are concerns over polystyrene production contributing to poor air quality.This is due to hydrocarbons escaping during manufacturing and reacting with nitrogen oxides in the air, which forms a pollutant known as tropospheric ozone. In addition, many recycling companies will not accept products made from polystyrene foam left on the curb, presumably because the market for reclaiming this material is limited. 90003 90017 Polystyrene sheets provide excellent insulation properties..90000 Expanded Polystyrene Foam: It’s Not Styrofoam 90001 90002 90003 Today in Tedium: 90004 In the age of instant takeout, there may be no greater scourge than polystyrene, a necessary evil of many a food delivery. New York City, famously, tried to ban the foamy substance before a judge struck down the ban. And lots of other cities have tried to follow suit-most aggressively San Francisco, and most recently Bangor, Maine. Heck, the entire state of Maryland is considering a big ban. We know that polystyrene is bad for the environment, that it’s frequently mistaken for Styrofoam, and that it’s kind of a crappy way of shipping food to people.Where does it come from and why does it persist? Today’s Tedium ponders. 90005 — Ernie @ Tedium 90006 90007 90002 90007 90002 90005 This material is not Styrofoam. Do not let anyone tell you differently. (Björn Láczay / Flickr) 90006 90007 90014 What’s the difference between styrofoam and polystyrene, anyway? 90015 90002 It really sticks in the craw of Dow Chemical that we call foam food containers «Styrofoam,» despite the fact that Dow has trademarked that name for more than 60 years.90007 90002 In a 2013 90005 Washington Post 90006 article, Dow’s business director for building solutions in the Americas, Tim Lacey, sounded like he was at the end of his foam-laced rope. 90007 90002 «We’re doing everything we can to make sure that it’s used properly,» Lacey explained. «We do not really know why everyone wants to land on the name Styrofoam, and why it serves as something people want to misuse.» 90007 90002 That’s because, when you’re using a cup, plate, or other material, you’re using a material that’s actually called expanded polystyrene.And as Dow Chemical and Owens Corning, the two primary manufacturers of extruded polystyrene, will tell you, it’s not a small or modest difference. 90007 90002 In a lot of ways, the process used to make a cup, versus building insulation (the primary modern use of extruded polystyrene) is the difference between a million pieces of foam and a solid brick. The cup you grabbed from the Shell station? That’s built using a molding process, in which relatively malleable balls of polymer are pressed into a specific shape after those polymers have been filled with gas.(Larger balls might be used for coffee cups, smaller ones for foam trays.) 90007 90002 As a result, there’s a lot of air in there, which makes the cup lightweight and flexible, while still gaining the insulation advantages that come with foam. 90007 90002 The problem is, there are cases where you can live with a little more weight and a little less flexibility, because you want the resulting material to be a lot stronger. That’s where the extrusion process comes in. 90007 90002 A good way to explain this is to go back to the way cheese curls are made, because those also use an extrusion process, except with flakes of corn instead of polymers of styrene oil.But there are some differences, however: You want air in your cheesy poofs, so you pop them straight out after they’re ready to puff up. 90007 90002 But let’s say you want to extrude something that was more crisp, closer to a tortilla chip than a Cheeto. You’d have to figure out a way to more tightly control how the extrusion process manages air to achieve more concentrated results. With Styrofoam, the extrusion process is managed in this way, designed to minimize the amount of air that gets through the material, so as to make the material very tough.90007 90002 90037 90038 90007 90002 The result of this is that the material you get with extruders is designed for longer-term uses, like in houses. This clip from Owens Corning does a good job explaining why extrusion is 90007.90000 What is Polystyrene? | Uses, Benefits, and Safety Facts 90001 90002 Answering Questions 90003 90004 What do public health organizations say about polystyrene foodservice packaging? 90005 90006 Public health officials encourage the use of sanitary, single-use foodservice packaging (such as polystyrene) in appropriate settings. Single-use foodservice packaging can help reduce food-borne illness in homes, hospitals, schools, nursing homes, cafeterias and restaurants. 90007 90004 What do regulatory agencies say about the safety of polystyrene foodservice packaging? 90005 90006 In the United States, FDA strictly regulates all food packaging materials, including polystyrene.FDA has for decades stated that polystyrene is safe for use in contact with food. The European Commission / European Food Safety Authority and other regulatory agencies have reached similar conclusions. 90007 90004 What do scientific experts say about the safety of polystyrene foodservice packaging? 90005 90006 From тисяча дев’ятсот дев’яносто дев’ять to 2002 a 12-member international expert panel selected by the Harvard Center for Risk Analysis conducted a comprehensive review of potential health risks associated with workplace and environmental exposure to styrene.90007 90006 The scientists reviewed all of the published data on the quantity of styrene contributed to the diet due to migration from food contact packaging. The scientists concluded that there is no cause for concern from exposure to styrene from food or from polystyrene used in food contact applications, such as packaging and foodservice containers. 90007 90004 Is it common for substances from packaging to «migrate» into food? 90005 90006 All packaging — glass, aluminum, paper and plastics (such as polystyrene) — contains substances that can «migrate» in very tiny amounts to foods or beverages.That’s one of the reasons why FDA regulates food packaging in the first place — to be confident that the amount of substances that might actually migrate is safe. 90007 90006 Test data submitted to FDA indicated that the migration of styrene from polystyrene foodservice products is tiny and expected to be significantly below the safety limits set by FDA itself — 10,000 times less than FDA’s acceptable daily intake level. 90007 90004 Where does styrene come from? 90005 90006 Styrene occurs naturally in many foods and beverages.Its chemical structure is similar to cinnamic aldehyde, the chemical component that creates cinnamon’s flavor. Styrene also is manufactured as a building block for materials used to make automobiles, electronics, boats, recreational vehicles, toys and countless other consumer products. 90007 90004 How can people come into contact with styrene? 90005 90006 People can come into contact with styrene from the small amounts that may be present in air (primarily from automobile exhaust and cigarette smoke) and in foods and packaging.Styrene is naturally present in many foods, such as cinnamon, beef, coffee beans, peanuts, wheat, oats, strawberries and peaches. In addition, FDA has approved styrene as a food additive — it can be added in small amounts to baked goods, frozen dairy products, candy, gelatins, puddings and other food. 90007 90004 What is Styrofoam made of? 90005 90006 Many people incorrectly use the name STYROFOAM® to refer to polystyrene in food service; STYROFOAM® is a registered trademark of The Dow Chemical Company that refers to its branded building material products.90007 90004 What are styrene uses? 90005 90006 For more than 70 years, styrene has been used as a chemical building block to make the materials used in a wide variety of finished consumer products, such as food containers, rubber tires, building insulation, carpet backing and boat hulls, surfboards, residential kitchen countertops, bathtubs and shower enclosures. 90007 90004 What is the difference between styrene and polystyrene? 90005 90006 The difference is chemistry. Styrene is a liquid that can be chemically linked to create polystyrene, a solid plastic that displays different properties.Polystyrene is used to make a variety of consumer products, such as foodservice containers, cushioning for shipping delicate electronics and insulation. 90007 90004 What is extruded polystyrene foam? 90005 90006 Extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam is a rigid insulation that has also formed with polystyrene polymer, but manufactured using an extrusion process. This type of insulation can significantly reduce a building’s energy use and help control indoor temperature. 90007.90000 How does polystyrene recycling work? 90001 90002 Polystyrene is one of the most common forms of plastic. You see it in take-out coffee cups and egg cartons; it’s the packing material used to cushion goods for shipping. Many call it Styrofoam, though that term is actually the brand name of a rigid blue insulation made by Dow Chemical Company. Polystyrene is a very versatile material, but recycling it is not always easy. 90003 90002 The term polystyrene means that the plastic is derived from styrene, a liquid hydrocarbon.When heated, monomer styrene molecules link together into long chains, creating a polymer material that’s solid when it cools to room temperature. That clear, hard, brittle plastic was developed on a commercial basis in Germany in the 1930s. The material is used today for CD and DVD jewel cases and plastic forks. In 1941 року, Dow scientist Ray McIntyre invented extruded polystyrene foam (Styrofoam), a light, waterproof material that was first used for making life rafts. Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is another, similar foam material that has found even more uses.90003 90002 Because it’s about 95 percent air, EPS is an excellent insulator. That’s why it’s used in beer coolers and home insulation, and why the hot coffee in a polystyrene cup does not burn your fingers. Because it’s light, EPS is ideal for creating buoyancy in life vests and rafts. Its lightness and malleability make it a good packing material, adding cushioning but little weight. Also, EPS does not react with other materials and is resistant to heat, so it has found wide use in the food industry in things like meat and poultry trays and the boxes that fast-food hamburgers are served in.90003 90002 However, some of the same qualities that make polystyrene useful can also work against it when it comes to recycling. Its lightness means that it’s hard to collect from curbside containers — it often blows away, becoming litter. Because it’s bulky, it’s difficult and expensive to transport. Many municipal recycling programs do not accept it (a few, like Los Angeles and Toronto, do). 90003 90002 One of the problems of all plastics recycling in general is that you have to gather the same types of materials together and sort them by their material container code — a number usually found on the bottom of the container that makes it easy to identify the type of plastic in the object.Some other plastics — like 1 (used for soda and water bottles), 2 (laundry detergent and other containers), and 4 (plastic bags) — are easier to isolate. Polystyrene, which is number 6, presents more problems. While water and soda bottles are relatively clean when discarded, polystyrene used for food is often mixed with paper, food scraps and other types of plastic, like the straw that’s thrown away with an EPS cup. 90003 90002 Polystyrene usually can not be recycled locally but has to be transported to a centralized plant, increasing costs to the recycler and reducing the incentive to recycle.Also, recycled polystyrene can not in most cases be used for products that contact food because of health concerns, even though the material is usually sterilized by the recycling process. Recycled EPS might be used instead to create packaging or other materials, but new EPS is always needed for coffee cups and plates. 90003 90002 So what’s the best way to recycle polystyrene and why might bacteria someday play a role in the process? Read on to find out. 90003 .